The
            Magic Tree House series is great. There are 25
            or so of them - small chapter books - and each is
            about a certain time in history. Reading these is all
            of the history you need for a lower-elementary age
            child. 
            Pippi
            Longstocking. There are several books in this
            series. We've also seen some badly-dubbed movies.
            The
            Moffats, Ginger Pye (a Newberry winner
            which involves a lost dog), The Witch Family,
            etc., by Elanor Estes. I really like the way she
            writes - there's a style to it that's all her own.
            The
            Borrowers, by Mary Norton (and sequels) - little
            tiny people who "borrow" things they need.
            Often inspires much play with small dolls and
            dollhouses.  Several books in the series.
            The
            Littles. Like the Borrowers, but shorter books at
            an easier reading level.
            Danny
            Dunn, especially for the scientific type of kid!
            Henry
            Reed, who also has a kind of scientist/inventor
            spirit.
            Our
            very special favorite Homer Price. Tame and
            very much fun. You MUST read "the donuts"
            chapter of Homer Price aloud to your kids sometime
            during their childhood (and I do voices for the
            characters, which is pretty easy with this one). 
            Gone
            Away Lake and Return to Gone Away - very
            gentle and nice, by Elizabeth Enright
            Little
            House on the Prairie, etc.
            Boxcar
            Children. (Warning - in the first book the
            children's parents have died and they are on their
            own. Also, due to the short, easy-to-read sentences,
            this book makes a lousy read-aloud.)
            Wizard
            of Oz - there are quite a few books in this
            series, and they're not as scary as the movie. My
            oldest has read them over and over again. 
            Alice
            in Wonderland, of course - my favorite. 
            Mrs.
            Piggle-Wiggle. 
            We
            like the Berenstain Bears Chapter Books. They
            do tend to have an "issue", but it's
            presented in a somewhat complex way - take a look at
            one - it's better than you'd think. And there's a
            picture on every page, and the characters are
            familiar from the picture books - great as a first
            chapter book.
            Mary
            Poppins - there are several books in the series.
            I
            couldn't forget good old Ramona! This is the
            classic age for Ramona the Pest, her sister Bezus,
            etc. by Beverly Cleary. Also try Mouse on a
            Motorcycle.
            Charlotte's
            Web (Warning - Charlotte dies at the end.)
            Trumpet of the Swan, and whatever the other one by
            that author is. 
            Oh
            and of course Paddington Bear by Michael Bond
            - these are just perfect and there's a zillion of
            them. (Warning - they're very English and some of the
            words may be unfamiliar.)
            Encyclopedia
            Brown. Each chapter is a stand-alone mystery, and
            there are a whole bunch of these. We also got a video
            from the library once - not bad.
            Time
            Warp Trio series (Knights of the Kitchen Table (I
            think?) and others) - a nice follow-up to the Magic
            Tree House books.
            The
            Eddie and Betsy/Billy books by Carolyn Haywood. Very gentle.
              
            For
            horse lovers, there's the Black Stallion books
            by Walter Farley and Marguerite Henry's books (Misty,
            etc).
            The
            Betsy Tacy books by Maud Hart Lovelace. 
            The American Girls books are have some parts that are not for sensitive kids. There are several series of them, each about a girl from a different period in American history. There are six or so books in each series. (You can also spend a small fortune on the dolls and their accessories.) My boys refused to have anything to do with them, till I played one of them on tape - they were mesmerized after a minute or two. However, we listened to the Colonial ones on tape, and the "man who was mean to the horse" was pretty scary. Kirsten's series seems to have a death in almost every book. . 
            While
            not chapter books, we like the "Something
            Queer" series by Elizabeth Levy. She's also
            done a couple of time travel chapter books.
            Also
            not chapter books - classic comic books - Calvin
            & Hobbes, Rupert Bear, Snoopy. 
            Tintin is also a favorite here, classic good
            guy/bad guy stories written in the '30's and
            translated into every language known to man (well,
            almost), but check the content and see if you're
            comfortable with it first.
            The
            very excellent Usborne puzzle/maze books. (We've got
            "Time Trip to Ancient Rome" at the moment.)
            
            Non-fiction
            books by Usborne.
        
        
            Chronicles
            of Narnia.
            My
            just-8-year-old enjoyed Harry Potter, but it's full
            of some seriously scary stuff - not for the younger
            set. 
            We
            like the Famous Five series of adventures, by Enid
            Blyton, but catching bad guys is the theme (and these
            are hard to find in this country). 
            All-of-A-Kind
            Family is a nice series by Sidney Taylor. Jewish kids
            growing up in New York early in the 20th century.
            I
            keep putting The Great Brain series in front of my
            kids, but they've rejected it - I really enjoyed it. 
            Mrs.
            Frisby and the Rats of NIMH by Robert C. O'Brien
            The
            Mixed Up Files of Mrs. Basil E. Frankweiler - a
            classic Newberry winner by E.L. Konigsburg - two kids
            run away from home, hide out in the Metropolitan
            Museum of Art, and solve a (non-scary) mystery.
            The
            Childhood of Famous Americans series of biographies
            (I read all of the ones my library had when I was
            young.)
            The
            Phantom Tollbooth, by Norton Juster. This does not
            work at all as a read-aloud, because it's hard to
            catch all of the puns and double meanings. Schools
            tend to teach this book in sixth grade, but my kids
            read it MUCH earlier.
            Five
            Children and It, by E. Nesbit (and anything else
            she's written - we like The Wood-Be-Goods, also The
            Story of the Treasure-Seekers) - may be a little
            scary for younger children, but do consider it later
            on. 
            Edward Eager has done a number of Nesbit-like books
            that are gentler and more American.
            Harriet
            the Spy, by Louise Fitzhugh.
            Swallows
            and Amazons, by Arthur Ransome. A series with lots of
            camping and sailing.